Roles of human leukocyte antigen-G ( HLA-G) in MDSC proliferation, M1/M2 macrophage differ-entiation and tumor immune evasion / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the roles of human leukocyte antigen-G ( HLA-G) in mye-loid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) proliferation and M1/M2 macrophage differentiation in C57BL/6-NCI-H446-G tumor-bearing mice for better understanding the mechanisms of HLA-G involved in tumor immune evasion. Methods NCI-H446 ( human small cell lung cancer cells) and NCI-H446-G ( NCI-H446 cells ex-pressing HLA-G) cells were labeled with CFSE at a final concentration of 1μmol/L. CFSE fluorescence lev-els were measured by flow cytometry at different time points. Mouse tumor models were established by subcu-taneous injection of C57BL/6 mice with NCI-H446 and NCI-H446-G cells, respectively. PBS was used to set up negative control group. The mice in each group were sacrificed to collect tissue samples on 5 d, 10 d, 15 d and 20 d after injection. The percentages of splenic CD11b+Gr1+MDSCs, F4/80+CD80+M1 and F4/80+CD206+M2 macrophages were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Steady expression of HLA-G in NCI-H446-G cells was confirmed by Western blot and flow cytometry. HLA-G enhanced the proliferation of NCI-H446 cells. Tumor size increased dramatically in tumor-bearing mice in the first five days and then de-creased over time. The tumor-bearing mice in the NCI-H446-G group had larger tumor than those in the NCI-H446 group in every time point (P<0. 05) and required longer time to fully reject the tumor. Compared with the PBS and NCI-H446 groups, the percentage of splenic MDSCs in tumor-bearing mice was significantly in-creased in the NCI-H446-G group (P<0. 05). Moreover, the ratio of M1/M2 in NCI-H446-G tumor-bearing mice was much lower than that in the other two groups (P<0. 05). Conclusion This study indicated that HLA-G could increase the percentage of MDSCs and decrease the ratio of M1/M2, which might illustrate the role of HLA-G in tumor immune evasion and its potential clinical significance in cancer immunotherapy.

Effect of 3 isoforms of Ikaros on proliferation of human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:ToinvestigatetheeffectofIkarosisoformsontheproliferationofhumanovariancancerSK-OV3 cells.METHODS:Three isoforms of Ikaros, IK1, IK2 and IK6, were transfected into ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells. CCK-8 assay and cell counting were used to detect the effects of Ikaros isoforms on the proliferation of SKOV 3 cells.The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry .The cell cycle-related proteins were detected by Western blot .RESULTS:IK1 and IK2 expression inhibited SKOV 3 cells proliferation .Flow cytometry analysis indicated that IK 1 and IK2 induced SK-OV3 cell cycle arrest at the G 1 phase.IK6 isoform exerted no obvious effect on the proliferation or cell cycle of SKOV 3 cells.Compared with control EV group , IK1 group and IK2 group showed a dramatic elevation in the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21, along with a substantial decrease in the expression of the cell cycle inducers cyclin D 1 and cyclin D2, which did not change in IK 6 group.CONCLUSION:IK1 and IK2 significantly inhibit the proliferation of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells and induce cell cycle arrest at G 1 phase by regulation of cell cycle-related proteins cyclin D1, cyclin D2 and p21, while IK6 isoform exerts no obvious effect on the proliferation and cell cycle of SKOV 3 cells.

Case-control study on percutaneous treatment of foot Jones fracture with cannulated screws / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare clinical effects between plaster fixation and cannulated screw for the treatment of Jones fracture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 2006 to 2010, 41 patients with Jones fractures were divided into 2 groups. In Group A, there were 14 males and 8 females, ranging in age from 21 to 62 years, with an average of (32.3 +/- 8.7) years; the course of disease ranged from 2 h to 3 d; the patients in Group A were treated with plaster fixation. In Group B, there were 9 males and 10 females, ranging in age from 24 to 59 years, with an average of (28.8 +/- 7.9) years; the course of disease ranged from 0.5 h to 2 d; the patients in Group B were treated with cannulated screw fixation. The patients in two groups were followed up from a long time and the long-term effects were studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 41 patients were followed up, from 3 months to 2.5 years, with a mean of 11.3 months. All the patients in both groups were healed. The patients in Group B got postoperative wound healing with A degree at the first stage without complications. In accordance with the Maryland Foot Score, the therapeutic effect in Group B was better than that of Group A. The healing time in Group B was shorter than that of Group A.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Percutaneous minimally invasive treatment with micro-cannulated screw is an ideal method for the treatment of the Jones fracture.</p>

Effect of intracoronary injection with xuesaitong in treating post-PCI slow-reflow phenomenon in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect and safety of Xuesaitong (XST, a Panax Notoginseng extract preparation) via intracoronary injection for treating post-PCI slow-reflow phenomenon in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and its impact on patients' prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-nine STEMI patients who suffered from post-PCI slow-reflow after received percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or stenting were assigned to two groups, 20 patients in the treated group and 19 in the control group. Intracoronary administering of 10 mL (0.5 mg) tirofiban and 400 mg XST were given to the treated group through guiding catheter, and followed with 36 h continuous intravenous dripping of tirofiban 10 mL/h and 400 mg XST in 250 mL of saline for dripping, while to the control group, the same intracoronary administering and intravenous dripping of tirofiban but without XST was given. The treatment was implemented for two days. Patients' coronary flow was assessed by the TIMI frame count method (TFC) at 1 min, 5 min and 10 min after injection; and the changes of ST-segment in 2 h, and incidence of bleeding in 48 h after medication were recorded. All patients were followed-up for 6 months to observe the incidence of cardiovascular events.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Before the medication, the TIMI flow grade and the TFC in the treated group and the control group showed insignificantly statistical difference between groups (P > 0.05). After medication, 11 patients (55%) in the treated group and 8 patients (42%) in the control group with their blood flow reaching TIMI grade 3; the TFC decreased at 1, 5 and 10 min to 57.6 +/- 12.6, 46.1 +/- 9.3, 49.8 +/- 10.9 in the treated group and to 69.3 +/- 16.1, 61.2 +/- 15.3, 63.7 +/- 18.3 in the control group; and the 2 h ST segment fallback in them was 1.85 +/- 0.31 mm and 1.40 +/- 0.21 mm respectively, showing that the coronary blood flow in both groups were improved significantly after medication but the improvement in the former was better than in the latter group (P < 0.05). No case of death occurred in the hospitalization period. Results of 6-month follow-up study showed that the incidence of major adverse cardiac events, including angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, heart failure and cardiac death, was 33% in treated group and 44% in the control group, showing insignificant difference between groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Concomitant coronary injection with tirofiban and XST is more effective than that with tirofiban alone in improving the coronary blood flow and shows no increasing on the incidence of hemorrhagic complication.</p>

Diagnosis and treatment of the coronal fracture of the femoral condyle / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of the coronal fracture of the femoral condyle.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seven patients with Hoffa fracture treated in our hospital in recent 7 years were enrolled in this study. Six patients were treated with surgical treatment, while one non-displaced fracture received conservative treatment. Fractures were reduced under direct vision and fixed with hollow lag screws. The knees were immobilized in extension with cast after operation, and flexion exercise was commenced 3 weeks later.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up. According to Kumar functional assessment system,5 patients got excellent results, 1 good, and 1 fair.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Rigid internal fixation with hollow lag screw and extension plaster fixation is the excellent way to treat the coronal fracture of the femoral condyle.</p>

Study of xenotransplantation of fetal pig skin precursor tissue / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To select the optimal pregnancy time window of embryonic pig skin precursor tissue for xenotransplantation and study its ability in wound repair.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Skin precursor tissues were obtained from pig fetus of fetal age of 35, 42, 56, 70 days, and were minced into microskin and transplanted to dorsal wounds of BALB/c nude mice, then they were covered with residual skin after plastic surgery of patients or adult pig skin (white). The characteristics of growth and development were observed after transplantation. Pathological examination was performed on 6 and 12 post operation weeks respectively to observe the tissue structure and tumorigenicity.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Skin precursor tissues from fetal pig survived and developed after transplantation, and the microskin fused. New tissue area from skin precursor tissues with fetal age of 42 days was (47 +/- 6) mm2, which was higher than that of 35 days (18 +/- 8 mm2), 56 days (31 +/- 12 mm2), 70 days (20 +/- 8 mm2, P < 0.05). The skin precursor developed into "intact skin" with hair, sebaceous glands and sweat glands, and melanocytes were also detected in epidermis. The newly-grown skin tissue included epidermal and dermal layer, and obvious dermal papillae. Teratoma was not found after transplantation in skin precursor tissue with fetal age of 56, 70 days.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Fetal pig skin precursor tissue with fetal age of 56 days can be used to repair wound as xenotransplantation.</p>

Newly interrupted techniques and procedures to prevent gastric cancer cells dissemination in the radical resection of gastric cancer / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose:Inadequate surgical operation of gastric cancer may cause introgenic tumor cell dissemination and peritoneal seeding.This study introduced a new technique of the interrupted procedure to prevent gastric cancer cells dissemination in the radical resection of gastric cancer.Methods:Patients received gastric interrupted procedure employing the use of gastric interrupted forceps in the carcinoma of antrum,gastric body or cardia.The interrupted effect,complicated nature of the procedure and the preliminary result of CK19 mRNA expression in the portal blood by RT-PCR techniques of the interrupted group and the routine operation group were analyzed.Results:All the patients were successfully interrupted in the gastric operation,but there were some differences in the detailed procedure between the carcinoma of antrum,gastric body and cardia.Special attention should be given to the prevention of spleen scrape via the interrupted forceps,and to the posterior gastric trauma in case there is adhesion between the stomach and pancreas.Nine patients (9/17) of the routine operation group have positive portal blood CK19 mRNA expression whereas all 17 patients have negative portal blood CK19 mRNA expression in the interrupted group.Conclusion:The interrupted procedure is an easy,useful and safe method of manipulating and to preventing a large amount of gastric cancer cells from disseminating in the portal blood during the radical operation of gastric cancer.

The clinical study on application of using a novel blockade technique for gastric cancer to decrease blood-borne metastasis of cancer cells / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of a novel blockade technique for gastric cancer on blood-borne metastasis of gastric cancer cells to portal vein.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-three cases of gastric cancer were divided into routine operation group (8 cases intraoperatively without blockade technique) and blockade group (15 cases with blockade technique). Blood samples from portal vein pre- and intraoperatively, as well as gastroepiploic vein limited within the blockade area were obtained to detect CK19 mRNA expression by using RT-PCR technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Before the dissection of gastric lesion, the overall positive rate of CK19 mRNA expression in portal vein blood is 34.7% (9/23), including 37.5% (3/8) in routine operation group and 33.3% (5/15) in blockade group. While the course of tumor resection, those positive rates were 87.5% (7/8) in routine operation group and 6.7% (1/15) in blockade group respectively (P < 0.05). CK19 mRNA expression in the right gastroepiploic venous blood limited within the blocking area was all positive in 15 cases of blockade group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This blockade technique can be used effectively to block the intraoperative spread of gastric cancer cells, thus prevent blood-borne metastasis due to operative manipulation.</p>

p14ARF upregulation of p53 and enhanced effects of 5-fluorouracil in pancreatic cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the synergistic antitumor effects of combined use of p14ARF gene and 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) in pancreatic cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A human pancreatic cancer cell line PC-3 was transfected with lipofectin-mediated recombinant p14ARF gene, and was then administered with 5-Fu. Cell growth, morphological changes, cell cycle, apoptosis, and molecular changes were measured using the MTT assay, flow cytometry, RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunocytochemical assays.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After transfection of p14ARF, cell growth was obviously inhibited, resulting in an accumulation of cells in the G(1) phase. The proportion of cells in the G(1) phase was significantly increased from 58.51% to 75.92%, and in the S and G(2)/M phases decreased significantly from 20.05% to 12.60%, and from 21.44% to 11.48%, respectively, as compared with those of the control groups. PC-3/p14ARF cells that underwent 5-Fu treatment had significantly greater G(2)/M phase accumulation, from 11.48% to 53.47%. The apoptopic index was increased in PC-3/p14ARF cells from 3.64% to 19.62%. The MTT assay showed p14ARF-expressing cells were significantly more sensitive to 5-Fu (0.01 - 10 mg/L) than those devoid of p14ARF expression (P < 0.01). Western blotting showed p14ARF upregulates p53 expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combined use of p14ARF gene and 5-Fu acts synergistically to inhibit pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, suggesting a new anticancer strategy.</p>